Tenant background checks go back as far as you have public records, unless you have juvenile records that were sealed. (Juvenile records are not sealed automatically. You must make a formal request to initiate the procedure.)
Tenant background checks often include a credit check. The Fair Credit Reporting Act requires that the landlord get your written permission to run a credit check on you. He usually has you sign a form with your application. If you paid an application fee or deposit, that may be used to pay for your background check.
Five Essential Tips on How to Do a Proper Tenant Background Check